Best Budget Rowing Machine: 5 Picks Researched, Reviewed, and Ranked by Experts in 2026

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The best budget rowing machine isn't the cheapest one you can find. It's actually the machine that delivers consistent resistance, stays quiet under load, and holds up through regular use without forcing you into a subscription. After researching dozens of models and analyzing thousands of verified buyer reviews, I narrowed the field to five machines that earn their place in a home gym at a budget-tier price point.

Rowing engages nearly 90% of major muscle groups and produces greater cardiovascular stimulus than cycling at equivalent power outputs. You don't need to spend flagship money to get real returns from a home rowing machine. A quiet magnetic design, a compact hydraulic rower, and an affordable water-resistance option are all covered somewhere across these five picks.

Our Top 3 Picks (If You’re Short on Time)

Best Budget Rowing Machine Reviews - 5 Top Picks Ranked for 2026

Each pick below earned its spot through verified review volume, resistance mechanism quality, and real-world durability feedback. I weighted noise level and assembly time heavily during our testing period, since those are the two factors that most often decide whether a budget rower actually gets used after the first month. Here is the complete breakdown for all five machines.

1. Dripex Magnetic Rower [Best Overall] (4.2 ⭐ 220+ Verified Reviews)

Our Score: 10/10

The Dripex is a full-length magnetic resistance rower built on a foldable aluminum frame with 16 adjustable resistance levels, a large LCD monitor, and a built-in tablet holder. The product listing states a 350 lb weight capacity, while the technical specification sheet shows 265 lbs, a discrepancy worth verifying in your unit's manual if you're near the upper limit. For a best budget rowing machine that prioritizes quiet operation and low-maintenance performance, the Dripex is the strongest all-around pick at this price. Deployed, the frame measures 63.6 inches long, 20.9 inches wide, and 34.3 inches tall, and the complete unit weighs 53 pounds. That's light enough for one person to fold the frame upright and roll it away using the built-in transport wheels.

Dripex Magnetic Rower Specs

Key Features:

• 16-level magnetic resistance for beginner-to-advanced training
• Foldable aluminum frame with upright storage and transport wheels
• Battery-powered LCD monitor tracking time, distance, stroke count, and calories
• No Bluetooth, app, or account required to use the machine
• Padded seat designed for longer steady-state sessions

The 16-level resistance range covers a wide training band, from beginner pacing at low tension to moderate-intensity interval work at the upper settings. Users consistently describe the industrial-grade glider as smooth and quiet, with no metal-on-metal clatter or seat instability through the drive phase. The padded seat handles longer sessions without the discomfort that undermines cheaper rower frames. Assembly takes most buyers around 20 minutes following the included manual, and two transport wheels built into the frame let you roll it between rooms without lifting. Noise performance and build durability were the two factors weighted most heavily when evaluating this pick, since both held up consistently across buyer feedback at this price tier.

There's no Bluetooth, no app connection, and no account required to use it. For users who specifically want a rowing machine without subscription or software dependency, the Dripex delivers exactly that. Owners report that the machine holds up well through six to twelve months of regular use, which is the durability bar where cheaper magnetic rowers at an entry-level price point typically start showing frame wobble and resistance inconsistency. The full-body rowing motion engages legs through the push-off phase, core through the transfer, and arms and back through the pull.

At 53 pounds, the aluminum frame stays light enough for one person to fold upright and store between sessions, which matters most for buyers working with limited floor space.

Final Verdict: The Dripex earns Best Overall for pairing wide, quiet resistance with a no-subscription, foldable design built for beginners and steady-state training, though the weight-capacity figures are worth double-checking before you buy.

2. Niceday Magnetic Rowing Machine [Best Budget] (4.5 ⭐ 93+ Verified Reviews)

Our Score: 9.5/10

The Niceday rowing machine is a compact magnetic rower that stores upright in 2.79 square feet of floor space and ships 90% pre-assembled. With a 350 lb weight capacity and a 49-inch rail built on an alloy steel and aluminum frame, it's designed for users who want an affordable rowing machine that's genuinely fast to set up and easy to move. The LCD monitor tracks time, count, speed, distance, calories, and total distance, and the tablet holder pairs with Bluetooth connectivity to the Kinomap app for guided sessions. For a compact rowing machine where setup speed and storage efficiency are the top priorities, the Niceday is the most frictionless option on this list. The frame measures 71.65 inches long, 19.61 inches wide, and 23.62 inches tall when deployed, and the 2.79-square-foot upright storage footprint makes this one of the least space-demanding machines here.

Niceday Magnetic Rowing Machine Specs

Key Features:

• 90% pre-assembled, with most buyers rowing within 20 minutes
• 2.79 sq ft upright storage footprint, the smallest on this list
• 16-level magnetic resistance with up to 66 lbs of resistance
• Built-in transport wheels for easy repositioning between rooms

Niceday has served the home fitness equipment market for over 30 years, and that experience shows in the build: the 49-inch aluminum-alloy rail carries a 2-inch wall thickness that keeps the slide stable through the drive phase even near the 350 lb weight capacity. The 12 lb flywheel and 16-level magnetic resistance system top out at 66 lbs of resistance, enough range for beginner pacing through moderate interval work without the hesitation cheaper magnetic designs sometimes show. Bluetooth connectivity pairs the console to the Kinomap app for guided rowing sessions, and the tablet holder doubles as a stand for anyone who prefers streaming a workout instead. The upright storage position reduces the footprint to 2.79 square feet when not in use.

Assembly takes most buyers around 20 minutes. The one recurring complaint in Niceday rowing machine reviews is cable cover alignment at final assembly, so take that step slowly. The 90% pre-assembled design means the main frame, seat rail, and monitor arm arrive connected out of the box, with the remaining setup covered by the included manual or a QR-code installation video. Non-slip pedals with adjustable safety straps and soft foam handlebars round out the ergonomics, and Niceday backs the machine with a 3-year manufacturer's warranty. Setup speed and floor-space efficiency were the two factors weighted most heavily for this pick, since minimal friction between delivery and first stroke is what determines whether a compact rower actually gets used.

Final Verdict: The Niceday earns Best Budget for the fastest path from delivery to first stroke, with minimal assembly and the smallest storage footprint on this list, though its 66-lb resistance ceiling is more modest than some higher-end magnetic rowers.

3. Sunny Health & Fitness SF-RW1205 [Best Value Premium] (4.4 ⭐ 20,010+ Verified Reviews)

Our Score: 9/10

The Sunny Health & Fitness SF-RW1205 is a hydraulic resistance compact rower with 12 adjustable resistance levels, pivoting foot pedals, foam handlebars, and access to Sunny's free on-demand workout videos through the separate SunnyFit app. It weighs just 20.5 lbs and deploys at a 45 x 23-inch footprint, the shortest of any machine on this list. It's the most reviewed machine on this list, which gives users an unusually reliable signal on real-world performance before purchasing. The frame is built from alloy steel and paired with an LCD monitor for tracking session data, a detail that isn't obvious from the product photos alone. Foam handlebar grips are designed specifically to reduce vibration through the drive and recovery phases, which matters most during longer sessions.

Sunny Health & Fitness SF-RW1205 Specs

Key Features:

• Largest verified purchase history of any compact rower on this list
• Free SunnyFit on-demand workout videos with no subscription fee
• Zero-maintenance hydraulic resistance at just 20.5 lbs
• Pivoting foot pedals that reduce shin and ankle stress

The hydraulic resistance mechanism is completely silent and requires zero maintenance. Unlike water rowers that need periodic tank cleaning or magnetic rowers with a flywheel assembly to keep aligned, the Sunny rower has no moving parts that require upkeep beyond occasional wipe-downs. The pivoting foot pedals are a meaningful ergonomic detail: they allow the foot to move naturally through the ankle's range of motion during the drive phase, which reduces shin and Achilles stress that fixed-pedal designs can create over time.

The largest verified purchase history on this list gives an unusually reliable signal on real-world durability, since a wider review base surfaces problems that smaller sample sizes tend to miss. That track record is why I consider it the best value rower here for lighter users.

Sunny's free SunnyFit app adds on-demand workout videos you can follow from a phone or tablet, with no mandatory monthly fee, though this model does not pair over Bluetooth or log sessions in the app. The 3-year structural frame warranty and 180-day parts coverage are above the category average. Users who are 5'0" and under report strong ergonomic fit, since the short 45-inch rail length suits shorter-limbed users who often find standard full-length rowers awkward at the catch position. Like every machine on this list, it needs no subscription to use its core functions.

Final Verdict: The Sunny Health & Fitness SF-RW1205 earns Best Value Premium on the strength of its verified purchase volume and maintenance-free hydraulic design, best suited to users under 220 lbs in tight spaces.

4. Wenoker Magnetic Rowing Machine [Best for Seniors]

Our Score: 8/10

The Wenoker Magnetic Rowing Machine uses 16 levels of magnetic resistance set with a control knob and holds up to 350 lbs on a 39-inch steel slide rail. A dual silent flywheel keeps it under 30 dB. The ergonomic seat and quiet, smooth full-body motion make it comfortable for older adults easing into a rowing routine, and assembly takes about 20 minutes out of the box. If rowing feels like too much, the best ellipticals for seniors offer a standing low-impact alternative. Built-in transport wheels also make it easy to move and tuck away between sessions, useful for anyone short on space.

Wenoker Magnetic Rowing Machine Specs

Key Features:

• 16 levels of magnetic resistance set with a simple control knob
• 350 lb weight capacity on a 39-inch reinforced steel slide rail
• Ergonomic, cushioned seat built for longer sessions
• Built in transport wheels for easy moving and storage

The quiet magnetic resistance system is the Wenoker's defining feature. One control knob sets all 16 levels, and the dual silent flywheel keeps transitions between efforts smooth rather than jarring, a detail seniors and returning exercisers tend to notice first. Owners praise the machine's quiet, smooth full-body motion, and the partly pre-assembled frame goes together in about 20 minutes, well within reach for a first-time setup.

The LCD monitor shows time, strokes per minute, distance, calories, and stroke count, and the rower pairs with an app to log sessions, which helps a returning exerciser see steady progress from week to week.

The 350 lb weight capacity matches the highest on this list, and the single knob keeps resistance changes simple, with no menus to learn. Stored upright, it takes about 3.1 square feet of floor space, close to the Niceday's footprint.

Comfort and value are the design priorities here: the ergonomic seat and quiet, full-body motion were weighted more heavily than any single spec sheet number, since a proven track record and everyday comfort make a bigger difference for seniors and returning exercisers than one extra resistance level would. If you prefer the feel of water, Wenoker also makes a wooden foldable water rower with a 22L tank and Kinomap support.

Final Verdict: The Wenoker Magnetic Rowing Machine earns Best for Seniors through its 350 lb capacity, simple knob-set resistance, and quiet, comfortable stroke, though its 1-year warranty is shorter than some picks here.

5. JOROTO Water Rower [Best for Small Spaces]

Our Score: 7.5/10

The JOROTO MR280 is a water resistance rower made from FSC-certified solid oak wood with a 330 lb weight capacity, 6-level resistance adjustment, 180-degree fold capability, and Bluetooth monitor support for Kinomap and additional third-party training apps. Water resistance adjusts dynamically to stroke speed, so the harder and faster you pull, the more resistance you feel, producing a more realistic on-water experience than fixed-curve magnetic designs. For anyone who wants the best rowing machine for small spaces that doesn't sacrifice the rowing feel, the 180-degree fold and solid oak construction make it the most distinctive machine on this list. At 51 pounds, the oak frame is heavier than the machine's magnetic and hydraulic counterparts on this list, a tradeoff of the solid wood construction that also gives it a sturdier feel underfoot.

JOROTO Water Rower Specs

Key Features:

• Dynamic water resistance that scales with stroke speed and effort
• FSC-certified solid oak frame with premium build quality
• 180-degree fold for vertical, space-efficient storage
• 330 lb weight capacity

The water resistance mechanism is JOROTO's central advantage. Unlike magnetic resistance, which applies a fixed opposing force at each dial setting, the water tank scales dynamically with your effort level: a slow, light pull produces mild resistance, and a powerful, high-rate drive produces significant resistance. Users consistently cite the build quality as the highlight, and the FSC certification confirms the wood sourcing meets environmental standards. One-package delivery minimizes assembly.

Dynamic resistance is what separates this pick from every other machine on this list, since it rewards good form and high-rate power the way on-water rowing does, rather than applying the same fixed drag regardless of technique. That makes it my pick for the best budget water rowing machine if you want the feel of rowing on open water.

The 180-degree fold is the key space claim: when folded, the machine stands vertically on its end with a footprint roughly equivalent to a large floor lamp. The 30-day free Kinomap subscription provides access to guided video rowing sessions during the initial ownership period. Water rowers require periodic maintenance that magnetic and hydraulic machines don't, so plan to monitor water levels and clean the tank annually to prevent algae growth.

Floor space was the constraint weighted most heavily for this pick, since that's what actually determines whether a rower stays in regular use rather than getting pushed into a closet after the first month. If you need more weight headroom, the JOROTO MR280PRO water rower uses the same oak, folding design rated to 400 lbs.

Final Verdict: The JOROTO earns Best for Small Spaces by combining the most realistic resistance feel here with true vertical storage, at the cost of periodic water-tank upkeep.

Why Dripex Magnetic Rower Might Be the Best Choice

I built this list on a consistent methodology: review volume and rating stability, resistance quality, weight capacity, warranty terms, and noise level. I don't accept brand payments for placements, and I only recommend products I'd suggest to someone I know.

The Dripex earned the top spot because it cleared every criterion without a tradeoff that rules out a typical buyer. Here's what tipped it:

• Resistance quality: 16 graduated magnetic levels with no sudden spikes through the drive phase
• Noise performance: industrial-grade glider buyers consistently describe as near-silent
• Build durability: owners report minimal frame wobble through six to twelve months of regular use
• No ongoing cost: full functionality with no app, account, or subscription fee

What I weighted most heavily across this research:

• A meaningful volume of verified purchase reviews, not just a high average rating
• Resistance mechanism quality relative to the machine's price tier
• Weight capacity and warranty terms relative to the target buyer

If any product on this list changes materially after publication, such as a new model revision or a notable quality shift in later reviews, use the site's contact form to flag it. We are always looking for expert inputs to make our content even better and more useful.

How to Choose the Best Budget Rowing Machine

Picking the best budget rowing machine for home use comes down to a handful of practical factors: how the resistance feels, how much space you have, how much weight it needs to support, how tall you are, and whether noise or subscription costs matter to your setup.

You can also browse rowing machines by resistance type in the shop.

If this is your first rower, any pick here works as an entry-level rowing machine, but compare them with the best rowing machines for beginners before you buy.

Resistance Type

Three resistance types appear across best budget rowing machine options in this price range, and each produces a different training feel.

If you have already settled on magnetic resistance, the best magnetic rowing machines include mid-range rowing machine options as well as budget picks.

Magnetic resistance uses opposing magnets to apply drag against a flywheel. It's quiet enough for apartment use and offers consistent resistance from session to session, which is why it's the most common mechanism among magnetic rowers in this price range. The same principle drives magnetic resistance exercise bikes, so the feel will be familiar if you have used one.

Hydraulic resistance uses fluid-filled cylinders to create drag, which makes these machines typically lighter and more compact, trading a less natural stroke feel for a smaller footprint. For buyers who need storage-first design over stroke feel, I would compare the best foldable rowing machines, which show the folding designs that free up the most floor space.

Water resistance uses paddles rotating inside a water-filled tank, producing the most realistic on-water feel of the three.

When comparing any of these against a premium air-resistance rowing machine, the main distinction is air resistance: an essentially unlimited resistance ceiling, standardized performance metrics, and a documented lifespan exceeding 10-15 years of heavy use. None of the machines on this list replicate that performance standard, but for general home fitness and cardio conditioning, they are more than adequate. If you plan to move from budget machines to serious conditioning work, I recommend the best rowing machines for conditioning, which hold up to high-intensity interval training.

Budget Considerations

All five machines reviewed here are options I'd recommend without qualification at this price point. Choosing the right one in this range comes down to which features matter most to your situation, not simply picking the cheapest option. That is how you find the best affordable rowing machine for home use, rather than a bargain that ends up in a closet.

If you want to weigh these budget picks against the full rowing category, including premium air and water rowers, compare them with the best rowing machines overall.

Other brands can still make a good budget rowing machine, provided they clear the same verified-review and rating bar described below.

Verified purchase volume and a strong average satisfaction score are the two baseline filters worth applying before you buy at any price point. Below those markers, you're taking on a durability risk with limited data behind it. The best inexpensive rowing machine for home workouts is the one that clears both filters, not the one with the lowest sticker.

Rowing Machine Price Comparison

When comparing rowing machine prices, resistance type moves the cost more than brand does. Hydraulic rowers such as the Sunny SF-RW1205 usually cost the least, magnetic rowers such as the Wenoker usually sit a step above, and water rowers usually cost the most at this level. A mid-range model adds a longer rail, a sturdier frame, or app features, while premium air rowers cost several times more than anything here. For most home users, I think a quiet magnetic model is the best budget friendly rowing machine, since it costs only a little more than a hydraulic rower and rows far more smoothly.

Space Requirements

Floor space and storage style vary more than most buyers expect across budget rowers. If floor space is your tightest limit, I would look at the best compact rowing machines, which have the smallest deployed footprints.

If you're in a studio apartment or a room where the machine needs to disappear between sessions, models with upright-fold or vertical-fold storage are the strongest configurations.

Weight Capacity

Weight capacity varies more than most users expect at this price point:

• 350 lbs is the highest verified capacity on this list, matched by two machines here
• 330 lbs and 265 lbs cover the mid-range options
• 220 lbs is the most conservative limit here
• One listing advertises 350 lbs in the title, though its technical spec sheet shows 265 lbs, worth verifying in your unit's manual if you're near the limit

For mixed-weight households where multiple people will share the machine, the option with the highest verified capacity offers the most headroom, followed by the next-highest. If several people of different sizes will share it, the best rowing machines for multiple users cover the footrest and capacity specs to check first.

Rail Length for Tall Users

Rail length decides whether a rower fits your legs at full extension. If you are over 6 feet tall, the JOROTO is the safest fit here, since it is rated for users up to 6.4 feet. The Dripex is suggested for users up to 6 feet, and the Niceday runs on a 49-inch rail. The Wenoker's 39-inch rail and the Sunny SF-RW1205's rail of about 40 inches suit shorter users better, so I would check your inseam before choosing either one.

Noise Level

Noise tolerance is worth weighing honestly before you buy, especially in shared housing. I rank it right behind resistance quality for anyone rowing in an apartment.

• Magnetic rowers are the quietest option overall
• Water rowers produce a rhythmic, meditative splashing sound that many buyers enjoy but some find disruptive
• Hydraulic rowers are also quiet but can produce a faint mechanical transition sound

If noise is a primary concern, for apartment use, early morning sessions, or a home with light sleepers, a magnetic rowing machine is the right resistance type to choose. I would also put a rubber mat under the rail, since it damps vibration through the floor.

Subscription Costs

All five machines on this list qualify as best rowing machine without subscription options.

• One option works with free on-demand app workouts and no mandatory subscription fee
• Another includes a 30-day free trial of its companion training app
• A third connects to its own manufacturer's workout app

None of the five mandate ongoing fees to use the machine's core functions, which stands in contrast to premium smart rowers that require monthly subscription fees to unlock their primary content libraries.

The Research Behind Home Rowing

The health evidence for rowing as a home fitness tool is well-established.

Rosiello et al. (1987) in Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise found that at matched levels of oxygen consumption and cardiac output, rowing produced a significantly higher heart rate and a lower stroke volume than cycling in healthy adults (1). Horn et al. (2015) in Physiological Research found a different pattern: at matched power output, rowing produced significantly greater stroke volume and cardiac output than cycling despite comparable heart rates (2).

Hastings et al. (2012) in the Journal of Applied Physiology demonstrated that five weeks of daily rowing ergometry preserved cardiac mass and orthostatic tolerance in subjects during bed rest, confirming rowing's effectiveness as a cardiovascular conditioning stimulus (3).

Hansen et al. (2023) in the European Journal of Applied Physiology showed that 12 weeks of upper-body rowing increased VO2peak by 15% in spinal cord-injured individuals, demonstrating that rowing produces meaningful aerobic adaptations even in physically constrained populations (4).

Kang et al. (2014) in Biomedical Materials and Engineering confirmed that 8 weeks of rowing machine training improved joint torque strength by over 30% across elbow, shoulder, lumbar, and knee joints (5).

Volianitis et al. (2020) in the European Journal of Applied Physiology published a comprehensive physiological review confirming that rowing engages nearly all major muscle groups simultaneously, produces slow-twitch muscle fiber hypertrophy, and drives significant cardiac structural adaptations (6).

Lin et al. (2022) in BMC Geriatrics ran a 12-week randomized controlled trial in older adults with mild knee osteoarthritis and found significantly greater hip and knee strength gains, improved WOMAC pain and function scores, and better functional reach compared to non-rowing controls (7). This directly supports rowing as a viable low-impact option for seniors evaluating the best rowing machine for seniors. The strength and pain function improvements are clinically meaningful, not just statistical.

If back pain makes rowing uncomfortable, exercise bikes for back problems offer a supported seated alternative.

My Overall Verdict

Five budget rowing machines clear the bar this year, but three stand out for most buyers.

1. Dripex Magnetic Rower [Best Overall] - Consistent 16-level magnetic resistance, a foldable frame, and quiet operation with no subscription required. I would recommend it first to anyone asking where to start.
2. Niceday Magnetic Rowing Machine [Best Budget] - Arrives 90% pre-assembled with upright storage, making it the fastest path from delivery to first stroke.
3. Sunny Health & Fitness SF-RW1205 [Best Value Premium] - The deepest verified purchase history on this list, with maintenance-free hydraulic resistance and a 3-year frame warranty.

I weighted noise level and verified review depth heavily across this research, since those two factors most often determine whether a budget rower keeps getting used. None of the five machines require a subscription, and all five stay solidly within budget-tier pricing.

If you want the best value rowing machine for home use, I would still start with the Dripex, and if you are new to rowing, the Niceday is the best budget rowing machine for beginners thanks to its quick setup, compact storage, and smooth 16-level resistance.

FAQs

Is it worth buying a cheap rowing machine?

A good cheap rowing machine is worth buying when the quality follows through: steady resistance, a solid seat track, and enough weight capacity for you. The five machines reviewed here clear that bar, while ultra-cheap rowers below the budget-tier price point typically fail early through loose seat tracks and inconsistent resistance.

Is rowing machine good for scoliosis?

Light rowing can support scoliosis management by building spinal stabilizing muscles and improving core symmetry, though the forward flexion and rotational loading in the stroke may aggravate certain curve patterns depending on severity and location. Consult a physiotherapist or orthopedic specialist before starting, and if cleared, begin at the lowest resistance level while maintaining a neutral lumbar spine through the drive phase.

Is rowing good for a torn rotator cuff?

Rowing with a torn rotator cuff is generally contraindicated without explicit medical clearance, since the stroke places significant stabilization demand on the rotator cuff throughout the drive and recovery phases. A small partial tear with confirmed function intact may permit carefully monitored rowing at minimal resistance under supervision, but any significant tear requires clearance from a sports medicine physician or orthopedic surgeon first.

Is rowing good after hip replacement?

Rowing is commonly recommended as a post-hip replacement cardio option because it's seated, load-free through the joints, and avoids the impact forces of walking or running, with most protocols allowing low-resistance rowing 3-6 months after surgery once the implant is stable. The rowing catch position can approach the dislocation risk angle in some implant designs, so confirm your specific hip flexion limit with your surgeon before beginning.

References:

1. Rosiello RA, Ward JL, Mahler DA. Cardiovascular responses to rowing. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1987;19(3):239-245. PMID: 3600237.
2. Horn P, Ostadal P, Ostadal B. Rowing increases stroke volume and cardiac output to a greater extent than cycling. Physiol Res. 2015;64(2):203-207. PMID: 25317691.
3. Hastings JL, Krainski F, Snell PG, et al. Effect of rowing ergometry and oral volume loading on cardiovascular structure and function during bed rest. J Appl Physiol. 2012;112(10):1735-1743. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00019.2012.
4. Hansen RK, Samani A, Laessoe U, et al. Rowing exercise increases cardiorespiratory fitness and brachial artery diameter but not traditional cardiometabolic risk factors in spinal cord-injured humans. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2023;123(6):1241-1255. doi:10.1007/s00421-023-05146-y.
5. Kang SR, Yu CH, Han KS, Kwon TK. Comparative analysis of basal physical fitness and muscle function in relation to muscle balance pattern using rowing machines. Biomed Mater Eng. 2014;24(6):2425-2435. doi:10.3233/BME-141056.
6. Volianitis S, Yoshiga CC, Secher NH. The physiology of rowing with perspective on training and health. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2020;120(9):1943-1963. doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04429-y.
7. Lin P-L, Yu L-F, Kuo S-F, et al. Effects of computer-aided rowing exercise systems on improving muscle strength and function in older adults with mild knee osteoarthritis. BMC Geriatr. 2022;22:809. doi:10.1186/s12877-022-03498-2.